RFE and RL also gave a voice to dissidents and opposition movements that, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, would emerge as leaders of the new post-communist democracies. The “radios” provided news, features, and music aimed at communist and non-communist elites as well as the general population. Unlike other Western broadcasters, the programs focused on local news not covered in state-controlled domestic media, as well as religion, science, sports, Western music, and locally banned literature and music.
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In what came to be called “surrogate” broadcasting, RFE and RL provided an unbiased, professional substitute for the free media that countries behind the Iron Curtain lacked. RFE began broadcasting from Munich in May 1951. Germany - A broadcast from the first Radio Free Europe studio in Munich. Broadcasts instead emphasized evolutionary system change. The broadcasts produced in accordance with these policies did not, however, promote uprisings. In the first years of the Cold War, Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty adopted more confrontational editorial policies than other Western broadcasters. Providing What Was Missing Behind The Iron Curtain The two corporations were merged into RFE/RL, Inc. In 1971, all CIA involvement ended, and thereafter RFE and RL were funded by Congressional appropriation through the Board for International Broadcasting (BIB) and after 1995 the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG). Congress through the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), but RFE also received supplemental private donations. Initially, both RFE and RL were funded principally by the U.S. RFE/RL began broadcasts to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in 1975 (click here for list of all the language services history). Three years later, RL began broadcasting to the Soviet Union in Russian and 15 other national languages.
RFE was founded in 1950 and initially broadcast to Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. Wisner (Office of Policy Coordination, later the United States Central Intelligence Agency) to utilize the talents of post-World War II Soviet and Eastern European émigrés in support of American foreign policy. Kennan (United States Department of State) and Frank G. Radio Free Europe (RFE) and Radio Liberty (RL), originally separate organizations, were conceived by George F. RFE/RL also reaches Russian-speaking audiences in 26 countries (12 beyond the RFE/RL region) and globally via the Current Time digital television network. RFE/RL broadcasts in 27 languages in 23 countries, including Afghanistan, Iran, Russia, Ukraine, and the Central Asian republics. Today, RFE/RL is one of the most comprehensive media organizations in the world, producing radio, Internet and television programs in countries where a free press is either banned by the government or not fully established.
Former Estonian President Lennart Meri nominated RFE/RL for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. Many Eastern European and Russian leaders, including Vaclav Havel and Boris Yeltsin, have testified to the importance of RFE/RL broadcasts in helping end the Cold War. Established at the beginning of the Cold War to transmit uncensored news and information to audiences behind the Iron Curtain, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) played a significant role in the collapse of communism and the rise of democracies in post-communist Europe.
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